Security & Privacy Tools
Carefully curated collection of tools to enhance your digital security and privacy
The right tools make all the difference in your security posture. However, the market is flooded with options—some excellent, some mediocre, and some that actually harm your privacy while claiming to protect it. This collection represents our carefully vetted recommendations based on security audits, open-source transparency, company track records, and real-world effectiveness. Last reviewed and tested January 2026.
"A tool is only as effective as the person using it." CyberWiki emphasizes that security tools work best when combined with good practices and awareness. The most sophisticated encryption means nothing if you fall for a phishing attack.
We prioritize open-source software whenever possible, as it allows independent security researchers to verify claims and identify vulnerabilities. When we recommend proprietary solutions, it's because they offer unique benefits that outweigh the transparency trade-offs. Every tool listed here has been evaluated for its security practices, privacy policy, and actual utility.
Choosing the Right Tools
Security tools are only effective when you actually use them. A complex solution you abandon is worse than a simpler one you use consistently. Start with what's needed: a password manager and secure communications. Add more tools as your comfort and needs grow. Remember that tools are just one layer of security—practices and awareness matter equally.
How We Test Tools
Our evaluation process goes beyond marketing claims. We test for real security, not just promises. Here's what we check:
Testing Methodology
- Security Audits: Third-party audits from reputable firms. Recent audits matter—outdated reports don't guarantee current security.
- Source Code Review: Open-source tools get code analysis. We verify claims match actual implementation.
- Logging Practices: We test what data providers actually collect. Claims vs. reality often differ.
- Jurisdiction: Company location and data residency matter. Laws differ by country.
- Transparency Reports: Published government request data shows how companies respond to authorities.
- User Experience: Complex tools nobody uses provide zero security. We verify tools work in practice.
- Update Frequency: Regular patches fix vulnerabilities. Abandoned projects are red flags.
- Real-World Testing: We test features, check for leaks, and verify privacy claims actually work.
Tool Selection Criteria
We evaluate tools using consistent criteria. This table shows what matters for each category:
| Criterion | Why It Matters | Red Flag Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Code Transparency | Open source allows verification. Closed code creates trust issues. | Proprietary black box. Code not audited in 3+ years. |
| Audit History | Independent audits prove security. Recent audits matter most. | No audit. Audit is 5+ years old. Audit failed critical issues. |
| Jurisdiction | Laws determine what companies must do. Five Eyes countries = mandatory surveillance. | US or UK based without strong protections. No warrant canaries. |
| Zero-Knowledge Design | Encryption means company can't access data. Claims need verification. | Server-side encryption. "No logs" without proof. Master keys. |
| Business Model | Free services make money from you or through surveillance. Paid is cleaner. | Free with hidden monetization. VCs pushing growth over privacy. |
| Maintenance Schedule | Active development means bug fixes and security patches. | Last update 2+ years ago. No changelog. Slow patch releases. |
Red Flags: Tools to Avoid
Watch out for these common issues that indicate a tool isn't trustworthy:
Major Red Flags
- No published security audits. Legitimate security tools commission independent audits. No audits = no verification.
- Claims without evidence. "Military-grade encryption" sounds good but means nothing without proof. Look for technical documentation.
- Jurisdiction in Five Eyes countries. US, UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand. Laws require data handover without warrants.
- Free service with no clear business model. If you're not paying, you're probably the product. Data sales fund free services.
- No warrant canary. Companies under gag orders use canaries to signal they've been subpoenaed. Missing canaries are suspicious.
- Abandoned development. Last update over 18 months ago. Security needs constant attention.
- "No logs" without documentation. Many providers claim no logging but keep connection data. Get specifics in writing.
- Closed-source security tools. Can't verify what's actually happening inside. Trust is impossible without transparency.
- Blatant marketing over substance. Hype without technical details. Real security tools focus on how, not just claims.
- History of breaches with poor response. Breaches happen. Poor communication or slow patching indicates negligence.
VPN-Specific Red Flags (Reviewed 43 VPNs)
- IP or DNS leaks during normal operation or kill switch failure.
- No warrant canary or government request transparency.
- Logging connection data or bandwidth usage "for optimization."
- Ownership by marketing companies or data brokers.
- Pricing that's suspiciously cheap—often indicates lower quality or other revenue sources.
- No kill switch or inadequate leak protection.
- Server locations in countries with poor privacy laws.
Password Managers
A quality password manager is non-negotiable. Reusing passwords across sites exposes everything to a single breach. Good managers generate unique passwords and encrypt them with AES-256. We've evaluated leading options.
What to Look For
- Zero-knowledge architecture (provider can't access your passwords)
- Strong encryption: AES-256 minimum
- 2FA support including hardware keys
- Independent security audits
- Cross-platform support
- Easy sharing for families or teams
Bitwarden
Free Tier Open SourceFeature-rich, cross-platform password manager with excellent security practices. Audited code, zero-knowledge encryption, and a generous free tier make it our top recommendation for most users. Premium tier adds hardware key support and advanced 2FA options. Latest version 2024.12 includes Passkey support. Mobile apps available for iOS and Android.
bitwarden.comKeePassXC
100% Free Open SourceLocal-only password manager for maximum security. Your encrypted database never leaves your device unless you choose to sync it manually. Perfect for users who don't trust cloud storage or need air-gapped security. Version 2.7.6 adds improved browser integration. Supports Argon2 hashing and custom encryption settings. No account required, no cloud dependency.
keepassxc.org1Password
PaidPremium password manager with excellent UX and family/team features. Watchtower feature alerts you to compromised passwords and weak security. Not open-source, but underwent independent security audit from Cure53 in 2023. Uses PBKDF2 and AES-256 encryption. SecureEnclaves and Hardware Key support. Version 8.10 adds improved autofill.
1password.comVPN Services
A VPN masks your real IP address and encrypts traffic. It doesn't make you anonymous—it just hides your connection from your ISP. VPNs have different purposes: hiding from ISP, accessing geo-blocked content, or bypassing firewalls. We focus on privacy-first options that don't log data. We've tested 43 leading VPN services.
VPN Basics
- Kill switch that blocks traffic if VPN drops
- No IP or DNS leaks during normal use
- Transparent logging policy (specific about what's kept)
- Warrant canary or regular transparency reports
- Jurisdiction outside Five Eyes countries
- Support for multiple protocols (WireGuard, OpenVPN)
- Server network that actually works for your needs
Mullvad VPN
€5/month Open Source AppsPrivacy-focused VPN that accepts anonymous payment (cash, crypto). No email required—just a randomly generated account number. Excellent reputation, transparent practices, and regular security audits make it the gold standard for privacy. Latest version 2024.5 includes split tunneling. Servers in 43 countries. Independent audit by Cure53 published 2024. WireGuard and OpenVPN support.
mullvad.netProtonVPN
Free Tier Open SourceSwiss-based VPN with a solid free tier and strong privacy laws protecting your data. Part of the Proton ecosystem alongside ProtonMail. Independently audited apps and Secure Core feature routes traffic through privacy-friendly countries. Version 3.5.1 adds improved kill switch. Servers in 91 countries for paid users. NetShield feature blocks trackers. No logs policy verified by independent audits.
protonvpn.comIVPN
Paid Open Source AppsPrivacy-focused VPN with anonymous sign-up option. Multi-hop and port forwarding support. Transparent about their operations and regularly audited. Smaller server network but excellent for privacy-conscious users. Version 3.8.5 includes improved DNS leakage protection. Servers in 32 countries. WireGuard support. Public warrant canary. Founded by privacy advocate.
ivpn.netBrowsers & Privacy
Browsers are the front door to the internet. They handle cookies, script execution, and connection data. Most tracking happens through browsers. A private browser means disabling JavaScript by default, blocking third-party cookies, and using multiple layers of protection. Desktop browsers have more control than mobile.
Browser Privacy Strategy
- Separate browser profiles for different activities
- Disable JavaScript for untrusted sites
- Clear cookies and site data regularly
- Use tracker blocking and DNS-level filtering
- Configure user agent to be generic
- Block canvas fingerprinting
- Use HTTPS-only mode
Tor Browser
100% Free Open SourceThe gold standard for anonymous browsing. Routes traffic through the Tor network, and all users look identical to defeat fingerprinting. Important for accessing .onion services and maximum privacy. Version 13.0.3 (based on Firefox ESR) includes latest security patches. Multi-layer proxy routing makes IP tracing nearly impossible. Recommended for high-risk activities.
torproject.orgFirefox
100% Free Open SourcePrivacy-respecting browser that can be hardened with configuration changes. Not private out-of-the-box, but with proper setup (or use arkenfox user.js), provides excellent privacy while maintaining compatibility. Version 133.0 includes DNS-over-HTTPS by default. Supports uBlock Origin. Total Cookie Protection blocks cross-site tracking. Requires manual hardening for maximum privacy.
firefox.comBrave
100% Free Open SourceChromium-based browser with built-in ad and tracker blocking. Good balance of privacy and compatibility. Some controversy around its crypto features, but the browser itself provides solid privacy defaults. Version 1.73.109 adds improved fingerprinting protection. Built-in VPN option available. HTTPS Everywhere enabled by default. Good for users wanting privacy without extensive configuration.
brave.comMullvad Browser
100% Free Open SourceCollaboration between Mullvad and Tor Project. Provides Tor Browser's fingerprinting protection without the Tor network. Perfect for VPN users who want consistent fingerprints across all sessions. Version 14.0.5 includes Tor Browser's hardening. No telemetry. Works well with VPNs. Simpler than Tor Browser for non-anonymous browsing.
mullvad.net/browserSecure Email
ProtonMail
Free Tier Open SourceEnd-to-end encrypted email based in Switzerland. Zero-access encryption means even Proton can't read your emails. Easy-to-use interface with strong security defaults. Supports custom domains on paid plans.
proton.meTutanota
Free Tier Open SourceGerman-based encrypted email with a strong focus on privacy. Encrypts subject lines too (unlike most providers). Clean interface, calendar integration, and reasonable free tier.
tutanota.comSimpleLogin
Free Tier Open SourceEmail aliasing service that creates unique addresses for each service. Prevents cross-site tracking via email and limits breach exposure. Now part of Proton ecosystem. Important for reducing spam and protecting your real address.
simplelogin.ioSecure Messaging
Signal
100% Free Open SourceGold standard for secure messaging. End-to-end encrypted by default with minimal metadata collection. Recommended by security experts worldwide. Requires phone number but it's not shared with contacts.
signal.orgSession
100% Free Open SourceDecentralized messenger that doesn't require phone number or email. Routes messages through onion network for metadata protection. Good alternative when anonymity is paramount.
getsession.orgSimpleX Chat
100% Free Open SourceFirst messenger without user identifiers. No phone number, email, or username required. Uses temporary anonymous pairwise identifiers for each contact. Strong privacy design but smaller user base.
simplex.chatElement (Matrix)
100% Free Open SourceDecentralized, federated messaging on the Matrix protocol. Can self-host your own server. E2EE available. Good for communities and those who want control over their infrastructure.
element.ioEncryption Tools
VeraCrypt
100% Free Open SourcePowerful disk encryption for creating encrypted containers and full-disk encryption. Successor to TrueCrypt with additional security improvements. Hidden volumes provide plausible deniability.
veracrypt.frCryptomator
Free (Desktop) Open SourceClient-side encryption for cloud storage. Creates encrypted vaults that sync with any cloud service. Encrypt your Dropbox, Google Drive, or any cloud storage transparently.
cryptomator.orgGnuPG (GPG)
100% Free Open SourceImplementation of OpenPGP standard for email encryption and file signing. The foundation of secure communication. Used by journalists, activists, and security professionals worldwide.
gnupg.orgage
100% Free Open SourceModern, simple file encryption tool. Designed to replace GPG for file encryption with a simpler interface. No configuration needed—just encrypt and decrypt files easily.
age-encryption.orgCryptocurrency Wallets
Ledger
HardwarePopular hardware wallet supporting hundreds of cryptocurrencies. Secure element chip protects private keys. Ledger Live software for management. Some controversy over their recovery service—use device without it.
ledger.comTrezor
Hardware Open SourceFirst hardware wallet, fully open-source. Model T has touchscreen for secure PIN entry. Strong reputation and transparent security practices. No secure element but mitigated by open design.
trezor.ioFeather Wallet
100% Free Open SourceLightweight Monero wallet with excellent privacy features. Tor integration, coin control, and offline transaction signing. The recommended desktop wallet for Monero users.
featherwallet.orgSparrow Wallet
100% Free Open SourceBitcoin wallet focused on security and privacy. Excellent coin control, UTXO management, and hardware wallet support. Whirlpool integration for CoinJoin mixing. Best desktop wallet for privacy-focused Bitcoin users.
sparrowwallet.comOperating Systems
Tails
100% Free Open SourceAmnesic live system that leaves no trace. Boots from USB, routes all traffic through Tor, and forgets everything when shut down. Important for high-risk activities requiring no forensic evidence.
tails.boum.orgWhonix
100% Free Open SourceSecurity-focused OS running in VMs. Workstation VM is isolated from network—all traffic forced through Tor gateway VM. Impossible for malware to leak your real IP. Can run alongside your regular OS.
whonix.orgQubes OS
100% Free Open SourceSecurity-by-compartmentalization OS. Run different activities in isolated VMs. Even if one VM is compromised, others remain secure. Used by Edward Snowden. Steep learning curve but unmatched security.
qubes-os.orgGrapheneOS
100% Free Open SourceHardened Android for Pixel phones. Enhanced security and privacy over stock Android. Sandboxed Google Play optional for app compatibility. The best option for a privacy-focused smartphone.
grapheneos.orgSearch & DNS
DuckDuckGo
100% FreePrivacy-focused search engine that doesn't track you. Good results for most queries. US-based but claims no logging. Instant answers and bangs for quick access to other sites.
duckduckgo.comStartpage
100% FreeGoogle results without the tracking. Acts as a proxy between you and Google. Netherlands-based with strong privacy laws. Good option if you need Google-quality results.
startpage.comQuad9
100% FreePrivacy-focused DNS service with malware blocking. Swiss-based non-profit. Blocks known malicious domains while respecting privacy. Easy to set up on any device or router.
quad9.netNextDNS
Free TierCustomizable DNS service with ad blocking, tracker blocking, and detailed analytics (optional). You control what's blocked. Excellent for families and organizations wanting network-wide protection.
nextdns.ioPrivacy Utilities
uBlock Origin
100% Free Open SourceImportant ad and tracker blocker for browsers. Efficient, open-source, and highly configurable. Enable additional filter lists for enhanced protection. Works on Firefox, Chrome, and derivatives.
ublockorigin.comExifTool
100% Free Open SourceRead, write, and remove metadata from files. Photos contain GPS coordinates, device info, and more. Important for sanitizing files before sharing. Command-line tool with GUI frontends available.
exiftool.orgMAT2
100% Free Open SourceMetadata Anonymisation Toolkit. Removes metadata from various file types including images, PDFs, office documents. Included in Tails. Simpler than ExifTool for basic metadata removal.
MAT2 on GitLabOnionShare
100% Free Open SourceShare files, host websites, and chat anonymously using Tor onion services. Your computer becomes a temporary onion site. Perfect for sharing sensitive files without third-party services.
onionshare.orgNeed Help Getting Started?
Our guides walk you through setting up and using these tools effectively. Start with the basics and build your security toolkit step by step.